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PF_RING

PF_RING DNA RFC 2544 Benchmark
Over the past couple of weeks we have further improved the DNA performance, and thus we have decided to test its performance. In order to do reproducible measurements we decided to adopt the benchmark specified in RFC 2544. You can find the complete test details and results on this document: DNA_ip_forward_RFC2544. As you can read we used a low-end single-CPU Supermicro server X9SCM, Linux Fedora Core 15, and a Spirent SRC-2002HS 10 Gbit traffic generator. On a nutshell DNA has not lost a single packet, even with 64 bytes (60 bytes …
PF_RING

Benchmarking PF_RING DNA
For years networking companies have used the buzzword zero-copy to qualify those hardware/software solutions that allow applications to play with packets without the need to copy them at all. Zero-copy needs DMA (Direct Memory Access) for operating so that applications do not get a (shallow) copy of packets but they actually get the pointer to the packet. As you probably know, PF_RING DNA allows applications to access packets in zero-copy so that in the pfring_recv() call you get a pointer to the packet just receive. Whereas in traditional PF_RING you always get …
Announce

Meet ntop @ Cebit 2012
All those visiting Cebit next week, will have the chance to see what we’re doing at ntop for providing better network monitoring services. We will give a presentation at the Open Source Forum next Wedn at 1.45 PM that is organized by the Linux Magazine. This would be a good time to speak and meet the ntop community. We hope to see you there. …
nProbe

SFProbe: Embedding nProbe on an SFP
In 2004 my friend Alex Tudor of Agilent involved ntop on a very challenging project. The idea was to monitor the network from the exact place where packets were originated. In fact popular network taps and span ports are not the right tools as they are added to an existing network (i.e. the network does not need them, but probes do need them). The same applies to active monitoring: traffic should be generated from the right place. So if you want to see the router-to-router latency you should let the router …
ntop

Packet Monitoring using ntop and Cisco ON100
From time to time, Cisco builds ntop-friendly products. This is the time of the Cisco ON100 network agent. This tiny device that can fit on your hand, has been integrated with ntop for the purpose of traffic monitoring as you can read on this technical note Enabling ntop Packet Monitoring with Cisco OnPlus Service. ntop is an optional application watching the second LAN port (Monitor port). The Cisco cloud service provides a web tunnel back to the ON100 to ntop’s web service. No data is interpreted, as ntop does that. This way end users can …
PF_RING

Precise Interface Merging Without Hardware Timestamps
In network monitoring it is very common to use taps for duplicating network traffic (RX and TX directions). Taps are important as they allow network probes to operate passively without interfering with network operations. The two traffic directions (A to B and B to A) are plugged into two network ports of the probe. Having the two directions separated has advantages (e.g. packets are not mixed across directions) and disadvantages. The main disadvantage is that when reading packets from the two interfaces, it is not possible to know which packet …
Announce

Say hello to nDPI (Network DPI)
The equation “port = (application) protocol” no longer holds. DPI (Deep Packet Inspection) is the way to detect known protocols on non-known ports (e.g. http on ports other than 80) and traffic on know port that is not the one we expect (e.g. skype on port 80). On a nutshell, we need to look at packet content and see what’s inside. P2P protocols have been designed from day one with the ability to circumvent network policies in order to reach their peers, and they are good example of places where …
PF_RING

DNA vs netmap
In the past months I have received a few emails about how to position DNA with respect to netmap. To many people they look like two competing solutions, but in reality they are just two solutions to the same problem. Yesterday I had a nice meeting with Luigi Rizzo, the author of netmap. I personally know Luigi since almost 15 years as we both live pretty close. The first time I saw him (1999 or so) he was hacking a driver for a CD-ROM drive on FreeBSD while speaking with …
nProbe

Using nProbe for Solving General Traffic Monitoring Tasks
Most people use nProbe just as a basic NetFlow/IPFIX probe where traffic monitoring is limited to packet header analysis, without further dissecting protocols. This practice is very common inside the NetFlow community and it’s one of the reasons why flow-based analysis has not changed much since its inception. Fortunately nProbe can do much more than this (e.g. it can inspect traffic on tunnels, or geo-locate flow peers), and below are just some use cases: Browsing the Internet is slow, some URLs cannot be accessed Most likely the DNS is not …
PF_RING

PF_RING in 2012
From time to time the kernel folks are sick and tired of people saying PF_RING is better than what we have upstream, it really isn’t. Fortunately (for PF_RING) the story is a bit different not to mention that some of PF_RING features such as clustering have probably inspired AF_PACKET too. For 2012 we have planned to make some enhancements to PF_RING and (we’ll be doing much more but this is just the next thing that will see the light) add one of the last missing features you can find on costly FPGA-based …
nProbe

Unveiling Application Visibility in ntop and nProbe (both in NetFlow v9 and IPFIX)
For years, applications have used static ports so that port 80 means HTTP, and port 25 SMTP. Unfortunately this 1:1 mapping has been relaxed years ago with dynamic ports so that a given service could use a range of ports (e.g. for circumventing security policies) or even a fully dynamic port (e.g. see portmap). The opposite is also true, namely HTTP can run on ports other than 80, so that you can see it for instance on port 3000 that is the default HTTP port in ntop. HTTP is also …
PF_RING

Exploiting Hardware Filtering in PF_RING-aware apps, Snort…
Introduction PF_RING filters have been designed to be efficient and versatile. PF_RING-based applications can use them for both reducing the amount of packets they need to process, and passing incoming packets to kernel plugins for further processing. Years ago, hardware packet filtering was limited to costly FPGA-based NICs, whereas today it is available also on commodity adapters such as Silicom 1/10 Gbit Director card, and Intel 82599-based 10 Gbit network adapters.   Filtering in PF_RING 5.2 Although past PF_RING versions supported limited hardware filtering, in PF_RING 5.2 we have completely …

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